Smart Water Level Monitoring System

Overview

The Smart Water Level Monitoring System uses an ESP32 and an ultrasonic sensor to measure the water level inside a 15-litre bucket. The ultrasonic sensor measures the distance between the sensor and the water surface. The ESP32 converts this distance into water level percentage and approximate water quantity in litres. The ESP32 creates its own Wi-Fi network and provides a mobile-friendly dashboard where students can see the water level, distance, litres and tank status in real time. When the water level rises above 90%, a buzzer starts beeping to warn that the tank is nearly full.

How It Works

The ultrasonic sensor is installed at the top of the bucket and continuously measures the distance to the water surface. When the water level rises, the distance measured by the sensor decreases. The ESP32 uses the empty and full distance calibration values to calculate the water level percentage. For the 15-litre prototype, the system is calibrated between 30 cm (empty) and 5 cm (full). The calculated percentage is converted into approximate litres and displayed on a mobile-friendly web dashboard. If the water level goes above 90%, the ESP32 activates the buzzer in a repeating beep pattern as a high-level warning. The ESP32 works as a Wi-Fi Access Point, so a phone can connect directly to the SmartTank Wi-Fi network without requiring internet access.

Hardware Components